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LET US ACCOMPLISH THE CAUSE OF SOCIALISM-KIM IL SUNG

LET US ACCOMPLISH THE CAUSE OF SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM UNDER THE REVOLUTIONARY BANNER OF JUCHE

KIM IL SUNG

Report at the Celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the Founding of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea September 8, 1988


Comrades,
Esteemed heads of state from many countries and other guests from foreign lands,
Today we are celebrating the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, our glorious mother­land, with feelings of great national pride and revolutionary dignity.
On this jubilant occasion I should like to offer, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Workers’ Party of Korea and the Govern­ment of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, warm congrat­ulations to our working class, farmers, working intellectuals and all the other people who have been struggling devotedly to establish, consolidate and develop the Republic.
I extend my compatriotic greetings to the south Korean patriots and other people from all walks of life who, regarding the Republic as a beacon of hope, have been fighting courageously against imperialist domination and for social democracy and national reunification.
My warm greetings go also to all our compatriots in Japan and in other lands who have been working with complete patriotic enthusiasm for the prosperity of their socialist homeland and for the inde­pendent and peaceful reunification of the country.
This meeting is being attended by heads of state and heads of government from many countries as well as by delegations and close friends from foreign lands who are visiting our country to congratu­late us on our national holiday. Allow me to offer, on behalf of our Party and our government and all the Korean people, a warm wel­come to these heads of state and envoys of friendship and to express profound thanks to the governments and peoples of all the countries friendly to us around the world that have been giving strong support and encouragement to the revolutionary cause of our people.
A large number of anti-Japanese fighters and patriotic people have given their noble and precious lives for the freedom and independence of the country and for the establishment, consolidation and develop­ment of the Republic. Together with you comrades present here, I should like to pay tribute to the anti-Japanese revolutionary martyrs and the patriotic martyrs who have devoted themselves wholeheartedly to the noble cause of the country and their fellow people.
Since its foundation our Republic has travelled a road of victory and glory. It is becoming evermore prosperous as an independent socialist state in which the popular masses’ independence and cre­ativity are blossoming fully in all aspects of social life.
Today, looking back with deep emotion upon the glorious and victorious history of the Republic, our people are firmly resolved to fight more resolutely to accomplish the cause of socialism and com­munism under the revolutionary banner of the Juche idea.
1
Comrades,
Establishment of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is a great achievement gained by our revolution through a long-drawn-out, arduous struggle for independence. It is the genuine political power of the people, which is meeting the masses’ desire for inde­pendence and realizing with credit their ideals by implementing the Juche idea.
Our Republic has grown from the deep historical roots of the glo­rious anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle.
The immortal achievement made by the Korean communists dur­ing the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle was that, by establishing Juche in our revolution, they led the cause of the country’s liberation to victory and laid strong foundations on which to build an indepen­dent and sovereign state.
During the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle we not only fought the extremely brutal and formidable Japanese imperialism under the most trying of circumstances, but also had to wage a diffi­cult struggle to overcome factional sycophancy towards the great powers, a hangover from the past, and to blaze a new trail for the Korean revolution. The most important matter facing us in giving successful leadership to the arduous and complex anti-Japanese rev­olutionary struggle was to establish Juche in our revolution. We formed solid revolutionary ranks with young communists at the core, the communists who had not been affected by factional syco­phancy, and fought by drawing on Juche-oriented strategy and tac­tics that suited our specific revolutionary situation. By establishing Juche in the revolutionary struggle we were able to increase and strengthen our revolutionary ranks steadily and win a historic victory in the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle, even though the circum­stances were so arduous.
After liberation the occupation of south Korea by the US imperi­alists created major obstacles and difficulties for us in building a new country. Nevertheless, on the strength of the glorious revolu­tionary traditions created during the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle, we were able immediately to found a Juche-type revolu­tionary party, a people’s government and regular armed forces, successfully carry out democratic reforms and open up a broad avenue for social progress along democratic lines.
The glorious revolutionary traditions of the anti-Japanese revolu­tionary struggle and the brilliant success achieved by our people in their creative struggle for democratic construction after liberation became the unshakable foundations for establishment of the Demo­cratic People’s Republic of Korea.
Establishment of the Republic enabled our people to shape their destiny independently and creatively as genuine masters of an inde­pendent and sovereign state and provided them with a powerful weapon for building socialism and communism. The emergence of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea as a formidable Eastern bulwark of peace and socialism was a historic event. It inspired the people of Asia and the rest of the world who had been groaning under imperialist domination and oppression to launch liberation struggles and dealt a heavy blow at the imperialists and international reactionaries.
Over the past 40 years our Republic has advanced forcefully along the course of independence indicated by the Juche idea, brav­ing harsh trials in history, and has achieved a great success in revo­lution and construction.
Under the correct leadership of the Workers’ Party of Korea and the Government of the Republic, our people have thwarted, at every step, the aggression and ceaseless provocative moves of US imperi­alism, the ringleader of world imperialism, and safeguarded the dig­nity of the Republic with honour. In the difficult circumstances of a divided and age-long backward country they promoted the socialist revolution and the building of socialism by displaying fortitude and the revolutionary spirit of self-reliance. After their victory in the Fatherland Liberation War our people established an advanced socialist system by completing transformation of production rela­tions in urban and rural communities along socialist lines within a short space of time, carried out the historic task of industrialization and built an excellent independent socialist national economy. The magnificent, creative and constructive struggle for socialism has trained them to be unconquerable, fully equipped with the Juche idea and united closely under one ideology and purpose, and our country has become a powerful socialist state that is independent, self-suffi­cient and capable of self-reliant national defence.
Our people are now enjoying fully independent and creative lives in the embrace of the Republic, as masters of the state and society.
In our country all the people exercise their full rights to indepen­dence through their active participation in the political life of the state. They are adding lustre to their worthwhile lives through their creative struggle to achieve the high aim set by the Party, helping and leading each other forward, closely united on the basis of revo­lutionary constancy and comradeship. All the material and cultural needs, such as food, clothing, and housing, are met by the state, which also provides them with secure jobs according to their abili­ties. They are leading equally happy lives, receiving the benefits of free education, free medical care and so on from the state and soci­ety.
Our people take an immense pride in and hold very dear their present life, created with blood and by the sweat of their brow and giving them a feeling of worth as independent people and a true value of living. They never spare their creative energies and talents in building better lives for the generations to come. Indeed, our peo­ple are enjoying the true life of socialism, which is free from all social evils; it is a happy and worthwhile life that would be incon­ceivable in corrupt and ailing capitalist society, where everything is dominated by money and where personal comfort and pleasure are all that is sought
With the belief and dignity of revolutionaries, we can proudly say that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea truly is the motherly embrace and the cradle of happiness of our people.
In the historical vortex in which the destiny of the revolution was at stake, our Republic was able to advance triumphantly along the direct road to socialism and communism, because it has always held fast to the standpoint of Juche, thoroughly implemented the principle of continuous revolution, strengthened the motive force of the revo­lution and steadily enhanced its role. This is precisely a summary of our experience in the long period of revolution and construction.
The basic stands we have consistently maintained in the revolu­tion and construction are the independent and creative stands.
The masters of the Korean revolution are our people, and the task of the Korean revolution is to build socialism and communism in our country. The only correct way of building socialism and commu­nism successfully to meet our people’s aspirations and desires for independence is for these people themselves to promote the revolu­tion and construction independently and creatively, with the attitude of being responsible for the Korean revolution and in accordance with the specific situation in our country.
The path of our revolution has been rugged and thorny, and we have been confronted with many new problems that could not be solved by conventional means. However, by adhering to indepen­dent and creative stands during the whole course of the revolution and construction, we have been able to overcome sycophancy and dogmatism, establish Juche in ideology, realize independence in pol­itics, and build up a powerful independent national economy and self-reliant defence power, capable of providing our people with a happy material and cultural life and of fully guaranteeing the securi­ty of the country. Consistent adherence to independent and creative stands is the basic factor that has enabled our Party and the Govern­ment of the Republic to guide the revolution and construction to vic­tory without any great problem.
We have been able to make an uninterrupted advance and contin­ual innovations in the revolution and construction over the past years, because we have thoroughly implemented our Party’s idea of continuous revolution.
The people’s cause of independence is a far-reaching historic cause, accomplished over a long period. In order to achieve com­plete independence for the masses, revolutionary tasks must be carried out at different stages, one after another, and the revolution must be continued steadily until a communist society has been built. Our Party’s idea of continuous revolution represents a thoroughly revolutionary stand for carrying the revolution to the end without abandoning it halfway; this idea is an expression of its unfailing loy­alty to the cause of independence, its sense of full responsibility for the destiny of the masses.
We thoroughly carried out the anti-imperialist, anti-feudal demo­cratic revolution on the principles of meeting the masses’ desire for democracy and of creating the conditions for transition to the social­ist revolution. Following the democratic revolution, we embarked on the socialist revolution without delay.
The production relations in our country were successfully trans­formed along socialist lines despite the weak material and technical foundations of agriculture and a national economy devastated by war. Our experience shows that when the motive force of the revolu­tion is strong, it is fully possible to effect revolutionary change along socialist lines in production relations even though the material and technical foundations are weak, and that the very work of building up these foundations can be expedited by relying on the superiority of the socialist system that has been established.
How to blaze a trail towards communism after the triumph of the socialist revolution and the establishment of the socialist system was a serious problem that was to decide the outcome of our efforts to build socialism and communism.
The victory of the socialist revolution and the establishment of the socialist system represent a historic change in the masses’ strug­gle to achieve independence, but the revolution does not end there. Socialist society is a transitional society in which hangovers from the old society exist in many spheres of social life. If we are to over­come the transitional character of socialist society and advance to the higher plane of communism, we must continue the revolution in the ideological, technical and cultural spheres. The ideological, tech­nical and cultural revolutions are difficult and complicated undertakings to do away with the remnants of the old society and take the ideological and material fortresses of communism; these are a revo­lutionary struggle to liquidate capitalism once and for all and pro­vide the masses with full independence.
Since the establishment of the socialist system our Party and the Government of the Republic have pressed on with the ideological, technical and cultural revolutions and have thus been able to make continuous advance in building socialism and to conduct a success­ful struggle to capture the two fortresses of communism simultane­ously.
In promoting the revolution and construction we have always put our prime efforts into strengthening the motive force of our revolu­tion and enhancing its role.
The revolution is a movement of the masses themselves to attain their independence. Success in the revolution depends on how the popular masses-the motive force of the revolution-are awakened to ideological consciousness and how they are organized and their creative role is enhanced. The revolution can emerge victorious only when its motive force is strengthened and its role steadily enhanced. This is a valuable revolutionary truth that we learned in the course of the anti-Japanese revolutionary struggle.
We have armed all the people fully with the Juche idea and ral­lied them closely around our Party and the Government of the Republic by regarding it as most important to strengthen their politi­cal and ideological unity and solidarity, centring on the Party. Fur­thermore, we have ensured that everyone leads an organizational and ideological life in a socio-political organization and continues to receive education under a definite education system. This has enabled all the people to become builders of socialism with a high degree of revolutionary spirit and creative ability.
In order to enhance the creative role of the popular masses in the revolution and construction, the Government of the Republic has consistently adhered to the revolutionary mass line of our Party. We have overcome bureaucratism and subjectivism and given full play to socialist democracy by embodying the Chongsanri spirit and Chongsanri method in state activities. As a result, we have been able to enlist the revolutionary enthusiasm and creativity of the working people to the fullest extent in socialist construction.
We have strengthened the Party and united all the people closely behind it and thus made the motive force of our revolution an uncon­querable force, an unbreakable union of the Party and the masses. The value of this success is immeasurable, and this success is the key to all our victories in the revolution and construction.
The 40-year history of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea is, indeed, a history of brilliant victories of an independent people who, under the banner of the Juche idea, have frustrated the challenges and obstructive moves of their enemies at home and abroad and forged ahead along the road of socialism; it is a history of great creative undertakings to build a new socialist life by draw­ing on the unfathomable strength of the masses, a life vibrant with fruitful activities and a soaring revolutionary spirit.
Now that our country, once in a state of age-long backwardness and eclipse, trampled underfoot by imperialists, has become a pros­pering and mighty socialist state, we can feel due pride and confi­dence in and boast of the revolutionary stand and the independent line we have consistently maintained over the past years and the worthwhile struggle and great achievements of the Party and the people, who, united as one, have creatively blazed a historical trail.
2
Comrades,
Building socialism and communism by modelling the whole soci­ety on the Juche idea is the historic mission of the Government of the Republic.
Communist society is an ideal society for mankind, a society in which the masses become the complete masters of nature, society and themselves. In order to build a communist society, it is neces­sary to lay material and technical foundations for communism, train people into communist types and develop social relations to meet the requirements of communism. The harnessing of nature, the reform­ing of people and the transforming of society constitute the three spheres of the masses’ creative activities to achieve their indepen­dence. Therefore, these are the strategic tasks that must be carried out simultaneously in building socialism and communism.
The people’s government is a powerful weapon for building socialism and communism, and the ideological, technical and cultur­al revolutions are the basic ways and means to build socialism and communism. If we are to build a socialist and communist society successfully by transforming nature, people and social relations, as required by the Juche idea, we must strengthen the people’s govern­ment, continue to enhance its function and push ahead with the ideo­logical, technical and cultural revolutions. A long time ago we pat forward the formula that the people’s government plus the three rev­olutions make communism.
Strengthening the people’s government and promoting the ideo­logical, technical and cultural revolutions are the general line of our Party in building socialism and communism. Following this line, we must further accelerate the work of transforming nature, people and social relations along communist lines.
We must accelerate the transformation of nature and thus lay solid material and technical foundations for socialism and compre­hensively improve the socialist economic life of the masses.
Harnessing nature is an activity to create the material conditions for human existence and social development. Only when nature is harnessed successfully to meet the masses’ desire for independence, can solid material and technical foundations for socialism and com­munism be laid, so as to make the people’s economic life rich and sound, and both people and society be transformed successfully.
Accelerating socialist economic construction is the most pressing challenge facing us at the moment in displaying the advantages of our socialist system to the full and advancing our revolution to victo­ry.
We must continue to carry out our Party’s strategic line of mak­ing our national economy Juche-oriented, modern and scientific and to lay solid material and technical foundations for socialism and communism.
The principal task of the Government of the Republic in socialist economic construction is to solve the problems of food, clothing and housing for the people satisfactorily in keeping with the demands of socialism and to free the working people completely from the need to do arduous and difficult labour.
The people’s material life of food, clothing and housing and then-working life of creating material wealth constitute the basic content of their economic life, and as socialist construction progresses, this demand grows steadily. Promoting the technical revolution and developing the economy on the principle of satisfactorily solving the problems of food, clothing and housing and improving working con­ditions in accordance with the ever-growing demands of the people are the most important tasks of the socialist state, which serves the people.
The Third Seven-Year Plan is a magnificent blueprint for social­ist construction that will bring about historic change in improving the standard of living of the people and increasing the economic might of the country. When this plan has been fulfilled, not only will a large quantitative increase be made in the output of major manu­factured goods, but also another qualitative leap forward will be effected in improving the standard of living of the people and in giv­ing rein to the vitality of the independent national economy.
The key to improving the people’s standard of living at the moment is to develop agriculture; the rapid development of the rural economy alone will ensure the balanced development of industry and agriculture and also provide a good solution to the problem of eliminating the disparity between the urban and rural communities.
The theses on the socialist rural question put forward by our Party represent the only correct programme for industrializing agri­culture in order to increase production rapidly and to free fanners from the need to do difficult and backbreaking work. The state must invest more in the rural economy, follow up the success achieved in irrigation and electrification and, at the same time, speed up mecha­nization and the extensive use of chemicals, so that in the next few years we can accomplish the tasks of the technical revolution in country areas set in the rural theses. The agricultural sector must fully implement the Juche method of farming, rapidly increasing grain production, and develop animal husbandry, fruit growing, silk­worm raising and other branches of the rural economy in a compre­hensive way to suit our natural and geographical conditions.
Developing the chemical, light and fishing industries is of great importance in raising the living standards of the people. We must develop the chemical industry, which is fed with our abundant deposits of limestone and anthracite, to produce and supply adequate amounts of raw materials for light industry. We must also modernize light industrial factories and operate them at full capacity in order to mass-produce a variety of good-quality daily necessities and food­stuffs to suit the people’s tastes. While increasing the fish catch by developing the fishing industry, we must develop aquaculture on a large scale, which is highly profitable and promising.
In both town and country many modern houses must be built and a central heating system introduced to provide more modern ameni­ties for the people.
In order to improve the living standards of the people and consol­idate material and technical foundations for socialism, we must con­tinue to put great effort into the development of transport and key industries. We must maintain a high and steady rate of production in the extractive, power, metal and machine industries, modernize their technical equipment and increase their production capacities on a large scale. We must create heavy-duty, modern railways, develop road and water transport and improve the organization of transporta­tion, so as to meet the growing demands of the national economy for transport.
Developing economic relations with foreign countries is very important in bringing into full play the great potential of our inde­pendent national economy and in raising its technical equipment to world standards. In the field of external economic affairs we must expand foreign trade actively and develop different forms of eco­nomic and technical cooperation and exchange, such as joint venture and collaboration, on an extensive scale.
We must not slacken the enthusiasm displayed in all aspects of the national economy in the historic 200-day campaign and we must ‘continue to develop the vigorous mass innovation drive, so that we attain without fail all the production goals of the Third Seven-Year Plan.
It is imperative to develop science and technology rapidly in order to free the working people from the need to do arduous labour and to speed up socialist construction.
If we are to attain the magnificent targets of socialist economic construction set by the Party, we must first develop science and technology, and if our country is to rank among the advanced coun­tries of the world, we must first raise our science and technology to world standards. We must promote scientific research on the princi­ple of making the national economy Juche-oriented, modern and sci­entific and, in particular, concentrate on developing electronics, biol­ogy and thermal engineering, so that we can use automatic machines, robots and computers widely in production, develop agri­culture and fishery on the basis of achievements made in modern biology and find a satisfactory solution to the problem of thermal energy by making effective use of our fuel resources. We must acquire a proper concept of scientific research, consolidate the foun­dations for scientific and technological progress, eliminate depart­mentalism in this work, strengthen cooperation between research institutes and production enterprises and promote scientific and technological exchanges with other countries, so that the development of science in our country and the technical transformation of the national economy take a great turn.
Success in building a socialist economy depends largely on how the economy is directed and managed.
A socialist economy is a planned economy, managed by its mas­ters, the popular masses. It is an intrinsic requirement of a socialist economy that it be developed rapidly in a planned and balanced way in the common interests of the masses by increasing the creative enthusiasm of the working people and that equitable distribution be made according to the quantity and quality of work done.
For the scientific and rational management of the socialist econo­my it is necessary to combine political leadership properly with eco­nomic and technical guidance in directing and running the economy.
In socialist society the Party is the highest political organization that represents the fundamental interests of the popular masses; therefore it has the responsibility to direct the socialist economy. The Party must shape its economic policy to accord with the desires and interests of the masses and guide its implementation politically. Under the political leadership of the Party, state and economic bod­ies must manage the economy in a scientific and technical manner, based on objective economic laws and on accurate economic calcu­lations. The proper combination of political leadership and economic and technical guidance is the way to set correct directions and objec­tives for economic development, rouse the masses strongly to their implementation and maintain scientific accuracy and effectiveness in production and management activities.
In the guidance and management of the socialist economy it is necessary to combine unified state leadership properly with the cre­ative initiative of every unit.
Unified and systematic state leadership alone makes it possible to run the socialist economy to meet the common desires and interests of the masses and ensure the balanced development of all the eco­nomic sectors and units. One unit of economic activity differs from another in its specific situation and has its own special features, so each unit must be encouraged to display creative initiative to suit these factors. This is the way to make wide use of untapped resources and potentials. Increasing creative initiative in each unit on the basis of unified and systematic leadership, given by the socialist state, is the absolutely correct way to give full play to the collectivist superiority of the socialist economy and develop the economy harmoniously and dynamically.
Democracy and unified control must be combined properly in the guidance and management of the socialist economy.
In a socialist society the working masses are the masters of pro­duction and management. Therefore democracy should be intro­duced fully in economic management, so as to incorporate the desires of the masses and their collective will. At the same time, uni­fied control is needed to coordinate production and management activities. Ensuring unified control based on democracy in economic management is the way to eradicate bureaucratism and subjectivism, give full rein to the intelligence and creativity of the working mass­es, get rid of indiscipline and attain efficiency in production and management activities.
In the guidance and management of the socialist economy, politi­cal and moral incentives and material incentives must also be prop­erly combined.
People have political integrity as well as a physical life, so they have political and moral requirements as well as material needs. How these two factors are stimulated affects the degree of enthusi­asm and creativity displayed by the working people in socialist con­struction. Since political integrity is more valuable for a social man than physical life, it is reasonable to put the main stress in the man­agement of a socialist economy on political and moral incentives and combine them properly with material incentives.
To properly combine political leadership with economic and technical guidance, unified state leadership with the creative initia­tive of every unit, democracy with unified control, and political and moral incentives with material incentives is the fundamental princi­ple consistently maintained by our Party in its guidance and manage­ment of the socialist economy.
The Juche-oriented economic management system created by our Party is the best system which most fully embodies the fundamental principles of socialist economic management. We must hold fast to the Juche-oriented economic management system, particularly the Taean work system, whose validity and vitality have been proved in practice, and implement this system thoroughly.
We must press ahead with reforming the people, so as to raise the levels of their ideology and creative ability and to develop fully a socialist ideological and cultural life.
The reforming of people is creative work for strengthening the motive force of history by training them to become more powerful beings mentally and physically. The process of social progress is, in essence, the process of man’s development and the level of social progress is, in the long run, determined by the level of man’s devel­opment. Though human activity is affected by material and social conditions, it is none other than man himself who creates material wealth and improves social relations. Therefore, the work of reform­ing people is the most important undertaking and must be given pri­ority in efforts to develop society.
The basic aspect of this undertaking is to train people to be com­munists with the idea of independence and creative ability by mod­elling them on a revolutionary and working-class pattern and by making them intellectual.
Since a social man regards independence as his lifeblood, the first and foremost thing in reforming him is to encourage him to acquire a consciousness of independence. Only when people possess this consciousness, can they be integrated into a socio-political organ­ism, united in a comradely way, with a high degree of awareness that they themselves are masters of society. Only then can they have noble ideals and a distinct aim and fight with devotion to realize them.
The Juche idea of our Party is the idea of independence, which fully embodies the masses’ aspirations and desires to live as masters of the world; it is a scientific revolutionary idea that provides the most powerful weapon for the complete liberation of mankind and the development of the world. We must intensify education in the Juche idea under the banner of the ideological revolution and further advance the work of making people revolutionary and working-class.
The fundamental aim of education in the Juche idea is to strengthen the motive force of the revolution, enhance its role and accomplish the revolutionary cause. We must instil in the minds of Party members and working people unfailing loyalty to the Party and their fellows and an indomitable revolutionary spirit, so that they firmly adhere to the principles of the working class and the rev­olutionary stand under any circumstances, however difficult, and make continual innovations and uninterrupted advance, with a strong belief and confidence in the cause of socialism and communism. We must also educate them in the spirit of socialist patriotism and prole­tarian internationalism, so that they carry out the Korean revolution from an independent standpoint and strive to strengthen solidarity with international revolutionary forces and achieve the victory of world revolution.
Since the building of socialism and communism requires a long period of struggle and one revolutionary generation is replaced by another, we must intensify education in our revolutionary traditions, so that Party members and the working people maintain the brilliant revolutionary traditions of our Party and accomplish the revolution­ary cause of Juche down through the generations.
In order to fulfil the responsibility and play the role of masters of the revolution, Party members and the working people must contin­ue to absorb intellectual sustenance and receive ceaseless organiza­tional training. We must further improve and intensify the work of ideological education and the organizational life in keeping with the requirements of the developing situation, so that all the people continue to cultivate a revolutionary spirit and a spirit of organization.
Developing science and education is very important in increasing people’s creative ability. The level of national civilization and devel­opment depends, in the final analysis, on how science and education are developed.
An important aspect of the development of educational work at present is to implement the Theses on Socialist Education thor­oughly and improve the quality of education radically. In confor­mity with the current requirement for socialist construction in our country and with the trends in modern science and technology, we must consolidate the material and technical foundations of educa­tion, improve the contents and methods of instruction and enhance the role of educational workers, so that the superiority and viabili­ty of universal eleven-year compulsory education can be demon­strated to the full and a further improvement in training our own cadres achieved. We must carry out the Party’s policy on making all society intellectual by developing regular courses of higher education and various forms of higher learning under the study-while-you-work system.
We must develop natural and social sciences on an extensive scale, so as to increase the people’s creative ability to transform nature and society and display fully the superiority of the socialist system.
Art and literature, which are developing and flowering under our Party’s leadership, are making a great contribution to the revolution­ary education of the people and to their cultural and emotional life. Many more works of art and literature should be produced, dealing with models of Juche-type people who are loyal to the revolutionary cause of the masses and have genuinely noble human qualities and giving varied and profound descriptions of the heroic struggle and worthwhile lives of our people, who are shaping a bright future, united closely around the Party. Art and literature should be made popular among the masses, so that the masses themselves create and enjoy art and literature.
The independent and creative lives of the people are guaranteed by healthy and strong physiques. Public health services should be developed and physical culture and sports popularized, so that all the people enjoy a long life in good health and make a positive contribu­tion to socialist construction.
While promoting the transformation of society, we should con­stantly improve social relations to meet the requirements for com­munism and comprehensively develop socialist political life.
The transformation of society is creative activity to develop social relations in such a way as to enhance the position and role of the popular masses. Social relations should be improved in accor­dance with the level of the masses’ consciousness of independence and the degree of their creative ability. Social transformation should be continued steadily along with the transformation of nature and man.
We must speed up the ideological, technical and cultural revolu­tions and thus eliminate distinctions between the working class and the peasantry and realize a classless society in step with the raising of people’s ideological and cultural levels and with the consolidation of the material and technical foundations of society, and we must continue to strengthen and develop the political, economic and cul­tural systems until the social relations of communism are estab­lished.
The most important task in social transformation is to develop the political system. Enhancing the functions of politics through devel­opment of the political system is essential to ensuring efficient polit­ical leadership over all aspects of social life and to facilitating the transformation of the economic and cultural systems as well.
In order to strengthen the political system of socialism, it is imperative to establish a strict system by which all state activities are conducted under the leadership of the Party.
The people’s government can work in accordance with the will of the masses only when it functions under the leadership of the Party, the political general staff that represents the desires and interests of the people. It is an intrinsic requirement of the socialist political sys­tem to guarantee Party leadership, and steadily intensifying Party leadership over state activities is a basic principle to be maintained in developing the socialist political system.
People’s government organs must take a firm stand as the cham­pion of the people’s interests and the executor of Party policy and conduct all their activities on the basis of Party line and policy. In addition, Party organizations must rid themselves of the practice of taking administrative work upon themselves and provide sound political leadership to the people’s government organs in conformity with the mission and duty of the Party as a leading political organi­zation.
The state system of direction and management must be perfected in keeping with the requirements of the development of socialist society.
The people’s government is the administrator of the country; it is vested with authority to give unified direction to all state and social affairs and is duty bound to take care of the people’s independent lives in a responsible manner. Only when the socialist state gives sound unified direction to all aspects of social life, can it give full play to the advantages of a socialist society based on collectivism and press on with the revolution and construction; only when it champions the people’s right to independence and takes care of their lives with a high sense of responsibility, can it discharge its duty as their government.
We must strengthen the people’s government organs and steadily improve their work system and work method, so that the people’s government fulfils its function to safeguard the revolution and administer the society and so that it plays its role as the faithful ser­vant of the people satisfactorily.
Socialist law is an important means for the people’s government to administer political affairs; it is a code of conduct binding on all members of society. State laws and regulations must be enacted and perfected as required by the developing situation, and activities to ensure the observance of socialist law should be intensified. In this way all the state and economic bodies will work strictly in accor­dance with the law, and all the working people will observe socialist law willingly.
Democracy must be thoroughly implemented in state activities.
Democracy is the fundamental principle of the activities of the socialist state, and applying democracy in state activities is the basic means of developing socialist political life on a full scale. Socialist democracy is the people’s own politics, enabling all members of society to maintain their position as masters of the state and society and play their role as such. The socialist state must formulate its policies by embodying the desires and will of all the people and encourage them to implement them as masters; it must provide everyone with freedom and equality while protecting the common interests of society. The essential superiority of socialist democracy lies in that it guarantees in full both the common interests of society and the freedom and equality of individuals by combining them properly.
People’s government organs must oppose subjectivism and bureaucratism, strengthen the system of collective discussion and rely entirely on the popular masses in their work, as required by the Chongsanri spirit and Chongsanri method. In all spheres of state and social life the people’s right to independence must be championed by every means possible and their creative opinions be respected and accepted widely.
Our line for the accomplishment of the cause of socialism and communism is correct and our goal is clear. We have solid materi­al foundations from which we can advance still faster, as well as an advanced socialist system that has struck its roots deep in this land and the indestructible unity and solidarity of the people, who are closely rallied behind the Party with one mind and one pur­pose. If we advance with vigour in the spirit of Chollima, spurred on by the speed campaign, in response to the Party’s call to all the people to live and struggle like heroes, we shall, without fail, be able to attain a new, high level of socialism and be honoured as victors.
3
Comrades,
Our people’s struggle to reunify the country is a sacred struggle to link the national ties of blood, which have been cut off by the imperialists, and to achieve the coordinated development and pros­perity of our nation.
There is no internal necessity for Koreans, who have lived as a homogeneous nation for thousands of years, to be bisected in our times. Our nation was divided and has not been reunified entirely because of imperialist intervention and obstructive moves. The struggle for national reunification is not an effort to settle any con­tradiction between classes within our nation or antagonism between systems; it is the cause of the whole nation for accomplishing its lib­eration and realizing the independence of the Koreans.
In view of the basic character of the reunification question, our Party and the Government of the Republic put forward the three principles of independence, peaceful reunification and great national unity. The three principles of national reunification are a most rea­sonable reunification programme; they accord with the Korean peo­ple’s desire for independence and their fundamental interests as well as with the trend of the times and the aspirations of people through­out the world.
The realistic method of settling the question of national reunifica­tion on the basis of the three principles is to establish a Democratic Confederal Republic of Koryo.
The DCRK is the most rational form of a unified state capable of achieving national unity by regarding the common desire and interests of the nation as basic and transcending ideas and systems. National reunification is for the good of the entire Korean nation, not for any specific class or section of the population. Therefore the interests of any particular class or section should be subordinated to the common interests of the nation. In order to reunify the country when different ideas and systems exist in the north and south of Korea, it is necessary to form a unified state by federating the two autonomous governments, leaving the two systems as they are on the principle of coexistence, one refraining from conquering the other or one side refraining from overwhelming the other. Establishing the DCRK is the only correct way of settling the issue of reunification independently and peacefully by the united effort of the whole nation in accordance with the common desire and will of the nation.
In the future, too, we shall make every effort to reunify the coun­try by establishing the DCRK on the three principles of indepen­dence, peaceful reunification and great national unity.
In order to achieve the independent and peaceful reunification of the country, we ‘must fight against the US imperialists’ policy of subjugating south Korea as their colony and against their scheme to create “two Koreas”.
The US imperialist policy towards Korea is an important part of its Asian-Pacific strategy. Seizing south Korea, a zone of strategic importance, the United States is attempting to put this aggressive strategy into effect by forming an axis of the US, Japan and south Korea. Talk about national reunification apart from the struggle against the US imperialists’ scheme to make “two Koreas” and dom­inate south Korea forever is only deceitful, empty talk.
The south Korean people, in the grip of untold hardships and misfortunes under the US imperialists’ colonial domination and their stooges’ fascist rule, have been fighting resolutely for national sovereignty and democratic freedom. The Popular Uprising in April9 1960, the Kwangju Popular Uprising in 1980 and the June Popular Resistance last year were heroic struggles that demonstrated the strong spirit of independence and mettle of the Korean nation, never yielding to any brutal enemy. These were historic events that took the liberation struggle of the south Korean people onto a higher plane. Trained and awakened in the flames of struggle, the south Korean people are directing the spearhead of attack gradually to the US imperialists. Freeing themselves from the worship and fear of the United States, they have raised high the banner of anti-US indepen­dence, have overcome spontaneity and dispersiveness of struggle and are developing a more organized mass struggle. This marks an important turning point in the history of their liberation struggle. Today the south Korean people are combining the struggle against fascism and for democracy and the struggle for national reunifica­tion closely with the anti-US struggle for independence, thereby advancing along the right path of national liberation.
The youth and students are playing a hardcore and leading role in the south Korean people’s struggle for independence, democracy and national reunification, and their courageous struggle is develop­ing still further with the passage of time, attracting attention from people at home and abroad and receiving encouragement from them.
Under the patronage of the US imperialists the south Korean authorities are now craftily trying to deceive the people in the guise of democracy. However, they are revealing nakedly their true colours as fascists by resorting to a bloody repression of the just struggle of the young people and students. At a time when the entire nation is fighting to hand down a reunified country to posterity, they are brutally suppressing the innocent students and other young peo­ple who have risen up under the banner of reunification. They must be cursed and condemned as a gang of traitors to the nation by all Koreans.
The south Korean people must foil the enemy in his suppression and stratagem and fight firmly united as one, thus discharging their honourable duty in ending the colonial rule of the US imperialists in south Korea and accelerating national reunification.
Removing the danger of war and easing tension in our country is a most important matter and an indispensable condition at the moment for the peaceful reunification of the country.
Having deployed a large number of aggressor troops and nuclear weapons in south Korea, the United States is ceaselessly perpetrat­ing provocative acts of aggression against our Republic. Because of this, in our country military confrontation is continuing and the dan­ger of war increasing. Unless the danger of war is removed and ten­sion eased in our country, an atmosphere of trust cannot be created between the north and the south and the question of national reunifi­cation cannot be settled in a peaceful way.
If a guarantee for peace on the Korean peninsula is to be provid­ed, it is necessary to conclude a peace agreement between us and the United States, adopt a nonaggression declaration between the north and the south, compel the US troops and nuclear weapons to move out of south Korea and effect a phased and drastic reduction of the armed forces of north and south.
Peace negotiations between Korea and the United States, which we have already proposed, still remain unrealized, entirely because the United States maintains its stand for permanent domination of south Korea. The United States is afraid that it will no longer have any grounds for occupying south Korea if a peace agreement is con­cluded and a nonaggression declaration is adopted. The United States must approach the Korea-US negotiations with a sincere atti­tude to settle the Korean question substantially in keeping with the trend of the times.
A nation that rules and oppresses another nation cannot keep itself free. The misguided policy of the government of the United States in occupying south Korea and obstructing the reunification of the Korean nation is a great shame to its own people. The US impe­rialists’ aggressive policy for world supremacy not only imposes a heavy burden upon its people, but also is a source of dire disaster. Honest-minded people of the United States and far-sighted, reason­able politicians must naturally contemplate the grave consequences of the imperialists’ aggressive policy and fight against their aggres­sive Korea policy and the strategy for world supremacy.
In order to reunify the country independently and peacefully, dia­logues and negotiations between the north and the south must be developed.
A north-south dialogue can be successful only when both sides have a sound stand and attitude towards the talks. These talks must be held on the basis of the three principles of independence, peaceful reunification and great national unity-the reunification programme common to the nation.
The north-south dialogue must always talk of reunification. Reunification stands for the independence of the nation and a love for the country and nation, whereas division stands for dependence on foreign forces and treachery to the country and nation. It is impermissible to use the venue of talks as a means to finalize and legalize division by following the foreign forces against the will of the entire nation aspiring to reunification.
The dialogue between north and south must, first of all, find a solution to the fundamental questions related to reunification. Avoiding discussion of the political and military questions for creat­ing basic preconditions for reunification and giving prominence to matters of secondary importance must be denounced as a scheme to obstruct reunification and keep the country divided by deceiving public opinion at home and abroad and using delaying tactics.
The north-south dialogue must be a wide-ranging dialogue that represents the desires and will of all the people in a democratic man­ner. The dialogue for reunification must not be monopolized by the authorities or by any particular party or group. The dialogue must be participated in widely by not only the authorities of the north and the south, but also different parties, social organizations, people from all walks of life and overseas compatriots. They should actively pro­mote different forms of bilateral and multilateral contacts and nego­tiations.
As far as top-level talks between north and south are concerned, this is a matter we have already proposed and our attitude towards it is clear. The top-level talks must discuss and decide, first of all, adopting a nonaggression declaration between north and south by which neither side is restrained or guaranteed by anyone else as well as founding a confederal government of the unified state, leaving the two systems in north and south as they are, or establishing a commit­tee for peaceful reunification and the like for setting up such a government. We welcome any who come to Pyongyang to meet us out of a sincere desire to realize national reunification by solving these problems, but if they wish to argue about keeping the country divided into “two Koreas” forever, without the authority and ability to discuss and decide these fundamental problems independently, they need not come to meet us. The point in question is to ripen con­ditions for the holding of north-south top-level talks and producing desired results. To this end, the south Korean authorities must aban­don their dependence on outside forces and join the entire nation in its campaign for the independent, peaceful reunification of the coun­try.
Great obstacles and difficulties still lie in the way to national reunification. However, whether or not the country is reunified depends, in the long run, on how our nation, the motive force of reunification, struggles. All the Koreans in the north, south and abroad, rallied rock-firm on the principle of great national unity, must make strenuous efforts to achieve the independent, peaceful reunification of the country without fail.
4
Comrades,
Ours is the age of independence when the popular masses have emerged as the masters of history and are shaping their destiny inde­pendently and creatively.
Since the end of the Second World War socialism has developed into a global system, the imperialist colonial system has crumbled and many new independent states have emerged. As a result, the look of the world has changed radically, and a new change has taken place in the struggle of the world’s people to achieve independence. As the world’s forces of independence, opposed to domination and subjugation, are growing in strength, the moves of the imperialists and international reactionaries to check the progress of history are becoming more and more frantic. Today the antagonism and con­flicts between the world’s progressive people, who advocate inde­pendence, and the international reactionaries, who are opposed to it, constitute the main content of the trend of the times.
Thwarting the manoeuvres of the imperialists and international reactionaries and making the whole world independent are the com­mon fighting tasks of the world’s people at present.
Independence is the lifeblood of not only a man, but also a coun­try and a nation. Furthermore, it is the common lifeblood of humani­ty. If people’s independence is to be ensured, the independence of their country and their nation should be achieved. If the country and the nation are to be provided with independence^ the whole world should be made independent.
Today the struggle for independence is in progress with each country and nation as a basic unit. Therefore it is a sacred right of the people of each country to shape the destiny of their country and nation independently to suit their own situation. Which ideol­ogy and system and which method should be adopted to develop a country is a matter that must be decided entirely by the people of that country.
The destiny of each country and nation is related closely to man’s common destiny, and as human society develops, the correlation among nations becomes closer. The struggle for global indepen­dence is, in essence, a struggle to establish an international relation­ship based on independence and make the international community democratic. Only when the whole world is independent, can the peo­ples of all countries develop their nations freely and achieve the common prosperity of humanity in a world of freedom and peace, free from domination and subjugation, aggression and war.
The people of each country must, like masters and as members of the international community, fight not only for the independence of their own country and nation, but also for the independence of the world.
The main target of struggle in making the whole world indepen­dent is the world’s imperialist forces, particularly US imperialism.
Modern imperialism, which has been realigned into an allied force with US imperialism at its head, is attempting to check the trend of the times towards independence and maintain the old inter­national order of domination and subjugation. Allied politically, eco­nomically and militarily, the imperialists are manoeuvring to obstruct the just cause of the peoples of the socialist countries, at the same time oppressing and exploiting the developing nations in a neocolonialist way and jeopardizing world peace by resorting to a policy of aggression and war. The aggressive, predatory nature of imperialism has not changed; it is becoming more devious with the passage of time. Today the imperialists, with a nuclear weapon in one hand and a purse in the other, are spreading decadent bourgeois culture and are threatening and blackmailing the peoples of other countries by force of arms. They are also manoeuvring to subordi­nate them economically and to break them ideologically and cultur­ally. Without the struggle against imperialism it would be impossi­ble to think of fair international relations based on independence and of world peace, as well as of the sound ideological and cultural development of mankind.
In order to achieve global independence, it is essential to estab­lish an equitable international order based on independence by opposing the imperialists’ domination and subjugation, to safeguard world peace and security from aggression and war, and to strengthen the friendship and solidarity of peoples the world over by frustrating the imperialists’ schemes for division and alienation.
Independence, peace and friendship are the underlying idea and the active principle we must maintain in our struggle to build an independent, new world.
The Government of the Republic has consistently maintained an independent stand in its foreign relations and made every effort to safeguard world peace and develop friendly and cooperative rela­tions with the peoples of other countries.
Over the past 40 years the international background to our revo­lution has been extremely complex; and unpredictable stirring events have taken place in succession in the international arena. Even in the vortex of such conflicts and complexities the independent position of our Republic has been promoted, its friendly and cooperative rela­tions with the peace-loving people of the world have been extended, and international solidarity with our revolution has been cemented steadily. This clearly testifies to the validity and vitality of the inde­pendent, peace-loving and friendly foreign policy pursued by the Government of the Republic.
In future, too, the Government of the Republic will continue to hold fast to a foreign policy of independence, peace and friendship.
The independent stand is the fundamental stand that the popular masses must maintain in all their activities for independence. It is also the basis of fair and equal relations between nations and peo­ples,
In our foreign relations we must thoroughly safeguard the sovereignty of our country and respect that of other countries. We must settle all international problems independently in the interests of our people and in the common interests of the world’s people. We shall not tolerate any encroachment upon the sovereignty of our country, nor shall we do anything that offends the sovereignty of other countries. We shall use the yardstick of independence in judg­ing and dealing with all matters arising in the international arena and fight against any infringement of and trampling upon the sovereignty of other countries.
The Government of the Republic will always support and encour­age the peoples of various countries who are fighting against imperi­alism, colonialism and racism and for national liberation and inde­pendence as well as oppressed people in their struggle to free them­selves from every manner of domination and subjugation.
Preventing war and defending peace are vital to saving mankind from a nuclear holocaust and to building an independent, new world. War is an inevitable product of the aggressive policy of the imperial­ists, whose existence is governed by the law of the jungle, whereas peace is the intrinsic requirement of socialism, which develops on the basis of comradely unity and cooperation. People from all coun­tries who advocate independence are opposed to war and desire peace. Preventing war and defending peace are all the more pressing for our people, who are standing in direct confrontation with the US imperialists, the authors of aggression and war, and who are subject­ed to the constant threat of nuclear war.
The Government of the Republic will make every effort to check and frustrate imperialist manoeuvres for aggression and war, main­tain peace in Korea and defend peace in Asia and other parts of the world.
In preventing war and preserving peace it is important to stop the nuclear arms race, reduce armaments, withdraw aggressive troops from foreign lands, abolish aggressive military bases in foreign countries and create nuclear-free peace zones in many parts of the world. We shall continue to fight resolutely to force the withdrawal of aggressive troops and nuclear weapons from the Korean peninsula and other parts of Asia and create nuclear-free peace zones there and develop a powerful joint struggle to oppose war and preserve peace in unity with the forces of peace throughout the world.
The Government of the Republic supports the constructive pro­posals and peace-loving efforts of the socialist countries to ease international tensions, stop the arms race and reduce nuclear arma­ments. It extends positive support and encouragement to the govern­ments and peoples of various countries in their struggle to create nuclear-free peace zones in many parts of the world.
We strongly condemn the imperialists and their stooges for their manoeuvres of aggression and intervention in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America and the rest of the world.
Promoting relations of friendship and cooperation between the countries and peoples that advocate independence is an important guarantee for success in the struggle of each country for indepen­dence and in the effort to accomplish independence for humankind.
The socialist countries are the most powerful forces in defending universal peace against imperialism and in developing the people’s cause for independence. We must unite and cooperate closely with other socialist countries on the principles of independence and com­radely cooperation and strengthen militant solidarity with them in our joint struggle for peace against imperialism.
The nonaligned movement is a just international movement that embodies the requirements of the age of independence and people’s aspirations. The Juche idea, the guiding ideology of the Government of our Republic, is in accordance with the ideas of the nonaligned movement, and the road followed by this movement is the road towards an independent world. As a member country of this move­ment, our Republic will do its best to unite with all the nonaligned countries and to strengthen and develop this movement further in conformity with its noble ideals.
An important matter for the nonaligned and developing countries in making independence prevail throughout the world is to abolish the old international economic order and establish an equitable new one.
The old international economic order benefits the imperialists in their exploitation and plundering of the developing nations in a neocolonialist manner. As long as the old order remains intact, it is impossible to eliminate the daily growing disparity in wealth between developed capitalist countries and developing nations, and impossible for developing countries to realize economic self-suffi­ciency and complete political independence.
In order to establish a new, equitable, international economic order, developing countries must promote South-South cooperation on the principle of collective self-reliance. Since the aftereffects of imperialist colonial rule remain and the imperialists’ ideological and cultural infiltration into the developing countries and their obstruc­tive manoeuvres continue, South-South cooperation must be devel­oped not only in the economic sphere but also in the political, ideo­logical and cultural spheres. The Government of the Republic will strive to develop South-South cooperation on the principle of sin­cerely helping and teaming up with each other, based on the noble desire of the peoples of the developing countries to enjoy a common prosperity free from the imperialists’ domination and plunder.
We should develop friendly, good-neighbourly relations with capitalist countries that respect the sovereignty of our country. The Government of our Republic will also develop economic and techni­cal cooperation and cultural exchange with capitalist countries that do not have diplomatic relations with us on the principles of equality and mutual respect, and will promote friendly relations with the peo­ples of these countries.
Today independence, peace and friendship are the common aspi­rations and vital requirements of the world’s people. The imperial­ists are scheming to check the path towards global independence, but this is an anachronistic dream and only hastens their doom. Although they are blustering about as if they could turn back the clock of history, the crisis of modern imperialism is worsening with each passing day. The more they exploit the peoples of other coun­tries by means of international monopoly capital and the more they intensify their manoeuvres for aggression and war, clinging to the militarization of the economy and the arms race, the stronger the world’s people who aspire to independence and peace will resist and the worse their political and economic crises will become. Unless they abandon their policy for aggression and plunder, which runs counter to the trend of the times, they will find no way out from their crises. The collapse of imperialism is inevitable.
If all the progressive people throughout the world who advocate independence and love peace fight in solid unity, they will be able to foil the imperialists’ moves for aggression and plunder and bring the cause of global independence to a triumphant conclusion.
The cause of our revolution is just. We are advancing along the road to victory and glory. Let us all fight for the complete victory of socialism, for the independent and peaceful reunification of the country and for global independence, united closely behind the Workers’ Party of Korea and the Government of the Republic, hold­ing high the revolutionary banner of the Juche idea.
Long live the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, our glori­ous motherland!.

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